Agricultural Facts and Figures @ The China Perspective

The China Perspective

Agricultural products output

Million tonnes

	Rice	Wheat	Corn	Soybean	Apples	Citrus fruits	Grapes	Fruit	Cotton	Rubber	Meat	Chicken	Vegetables & melons
1980	139.90	55.21	62.60	7.97	2.36	0.11	0.10	8.42	2.71	0.11	14.79	1.17	55.40
1985	168.57	85.80	63.82	10.51	3.61	0.16	0.36	13.50	4.15	0.19	20.94	1.45	94.41
1990	189.33	98.23	96.82	11.00	4.32	0.23	0.86	20.95	4.51	0.26	30.42	2.66	128.38
1995	185.23	102.21	111.99	13.50	14.30	0.47	1.74	44.42	4.77	0.42	48.25	6.06	202.69
2000	187.91	99.64	106.00	15.41	20.43	0.72	3.28	64.49	4.42	0.48	63.19	9.03	328.81
2001	177.58	93.87	114.08	15.41	20.01	0.94	3.68	68.94	5.32	0.47	65.27	9.07	356.52
2002	174.54	90.29	121.31	16.51	19.24	0.95	4.48	72.00	4.92	0.53	67.75	9.28	389.23
2003	160.66	86.49	115.83	15.39	21.10	0.99	5.18	78.13	4.86	0.57	71.15	9.66	410.56
2004	179.09	91.95	130.29	17.60	23.68	1.08	5.53	83.24	6.32	0.60	74.31	9.89	423.39
2005	185.45	96.34	132.65	16.90	25.06	1.14	5.70	87.06	5.70	0.63	77.56	10.15	435.02

Source : National Bureau of Statistics, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN,cn.cottoninc.com/MonthlyEconomicLetter_zh/#wcp

China 's 2006 harvest will include more than 181 million tones of wheat corn and rice.

Source: China National Grain and Oils Information Centre, SCMP 2006-08-07

Chinese farmers use 41.24 million tons of chemical fertilizers every year. Chinese farmers use more than 400kg of chemical fertilizers per hectare of farmland (225kg is considered the safety limit in developed countries).

Source: Ecology Institute with the Chinese Research Academy of Environm Sciences

The rate of increase in grain production declined from 8.25% in 1966 to 3.95% in 1976.

2005

The average annual increase of grain output from 1952 to 1957 was 3.5%.

Source: John Gittings, The Changing Face of China, 2005

The average annual increase of grain output from 1957-1977 was 2%

Source: John Gittings, The Changing Face of China. 2005

Between 1949 and the late 1970s agriculture created one-third of China's total value of industrial and agricultural output.

Source: John Gittings, The Changing Face of China. 2005

Farmer income per capita in China, 1995-2004

	2003		2004
	Quantity (Million tones)	Value (US$ mn)	Quantity (Million tones)	Value (US$ mn)
Corn	16.4	1,767.18	2.32	325.71
Soy	0.27	86.99	0.33	1.45
Rice	2.62	501.75	0.91	2.39

Source: National Bureau of Statistics

Agricultural product imports

	2003		2004
	Quantity( (Million tones)	Value( US$ mn)	Quantity( (Million tones)	Value( US$ mn)
Soy	20.74	5,416.86	20.23	6,979.44
Wheat	0.45	85.52	7.26	1,649.64
Rice	0.26	97.18	0.77	254.64

Source: National Bureau of Statistics

Sheep and chicken output

Million animals

	Sheep	Chickens
1995	117.45	3,137
1996	127.63	3.474
1997	114.13	3.983
1998	120.96	3,120
1999	127.35	3,422
2000	131.09	3.623
2001	133.16	3,769
2002	135.89	4,099
2003	143.79	3,981
2004	157.33	4,215
2005	170.88	4,360

Source: National Bureau of Statistics

Agricultural output world rankings 2005

Million tones

Wool		Cotton		Wheat
Australia	508.79	China	5.70		96.34
	400.00	US	5.20	India	72.00
New Zealand	230.00	India	4.10	US	57.11
Iran	75.00	Pakistan	2.10	Russia	2.10
UK	60.00	Brazil	1.00	France	36.92
Argentina	60.00	African Franc Zone	1.20	Canada	25.55
India	51.40	Uzbekistan	0.90	Australia	24.07
Russian	46.00	Turkey	0.80 0.60	Germany Pakistan	23.58
Sudan	46.00	Australia	0.60	Pakistan	21.59
Turkey	46.00	EU	0.50	Turkey	21.00
Rice		Soybean		Citrus fruits
	185.45	US	82.82	Nigeria	3.25
India	129.00	Brazil	50.19		1.14
Indonesia	53.98	Argentina	38.30	Guinea	0.21
Bangladesh	40.05		16.90	Syria	0.20
Vietnam	36.34	India	6.60	Japan	0.18
Thailand	27.00	Paraguay	3.51	Saudi Arabia	0.14
Myanmar	24.50	Canada	2.99	Kenya	0.13
Philippines	14.80	Bolivia	1.67	India	0.09
Brazil	13.14	Indonesia	7.97	Sierra Leone	0.09
Japan	10.99	Italy	5.87	Angola	0.08
Grapes		Tea		Natural rubber
	185.45		0.94	Thailand	3.02
France	6.79	India	0.83	Indonesia	2.13
US	6.41	Sri Landa	0.31	Malaysia	1.17
Spain	5.88	Kenya	0.29	India	0.78
	5.69	Turkey	0.20		0.63
Turkey	3.65	Indonesia	0.17	Vietnam	0.45
Iran	2.80	Vietnam	0.11	Nigeria	0.14
Argentina	2.37	Japan	0.10	Cote d’lvoire	0.13
Chile	2.25	Argentina	0.06	Liberia	0.13
Australia	1.83	Bangladesh	0.06	Brazil	0.09
Vegetables & melons				Fruit
	435.02				87.06
India	80.53			India	47.03
US	39.18			US	25.87
Turkey	25.39			Italy	19.20
Italy	16.69			Spain	14.81
Egypt	16.14			Mexico	14.76
Russia	15.20			Indonesia	13.78
Iran	13.49			Iran	13.14
Spain	12.35			Philippines	12.45
Korea	12.16			Turkey	11.48

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, http://cn.cottoninc.com/MonthlyEconomicLetter_zh/#wcp

Top rubber consumers

	2004	2005
China	4.07	4.41
US	3.05	3.11
Japan	1.96	2.01
India	0.97	1.02
Germany	0.87	0.89
Brazil	0.71	0.72
Korea	0.69	0.70
Russia	0.62	0.62
France	0.65	0.58
Malaysia	0.54	0.55

Source: International Rubber Study Group Source:
http://www.shfe.com.cn/docview.jsp?docid=64186251, http://cn.cottoninc.com/MonthlyEoonomicLetter_zh/#wcp

Top cotton consumers

Million tones

	2004	2005
China	8.40	10.10
India	3 20	3.40
Pakistan	2.30	2.6C
Turkey	1.50	1.5C
US	1.50	1.30
Brazil	0.90	0.90
EU	0.70	0.60
Indonesia	0.50	0.50
Thailand	0.40	0.50
Mexico	0 50	0.40

Source: International Rubber Study Group Source:
http://www.stife.com.cn/docvlew.jsp?docid=64186251, http://cn.cottoninc.nom/MonthlyEconomicLetter_zh/#wcp

Agricultural trade

Exports pre-1949

RMB million

	Export	Index*	% of total export
1873	2.87	1.2	2.6
1893	28.42	12.3	25 6
1903	89.50	38.6	26.8
1910	231.96	100.0	39.1
1920	307.05	132.4	36.4
1930	628.29	270.9	45.1

*1910=100

Post-1949

US$ billion

	Import	Export	Balance
1995	5.72	14.21	8.49
1996	10.83	14.26	3.43
1997	9.92	14.92	5.00
1998	8.33	13.80	5.47
1999	8.21	13.54	5.33
2000	10.58	16.38	5.80
2001	11.84	16.06	4.22
2002	12.44	18.14	5.70
2003	18.92	21.44	2.52
2004	28.03	23.39	-4.64
2005	28.71	27.58	-1.14

Source: National Bureau of Statistics, Food and Agriculture Organization of the - UN, www.cn.cottQninc.com/MonthlyEconomicLetter_zfi/#wcp

US$1.875 billion to US$2.5 billion will be needed for new countryside construction in China by 2020.

Source: China Daily 2006-07-31

Over 80% of Chinese farmers do not have agricultural insurance.

Source: Capital University of Economics and Business, BJ review no. 32 2006

In 2005 average income of farmers was RMB3,255.

Source: National Bureau of Stastics BJ review 32 2006

China 's total cultivated area decreased by 4.5% from 1978 to 1995.

Source: John Gittings, The Changing Face of China, 2005

Chinas total cultivated area decreased by 4.5% from 1978 to 1995.

Source: John Gittings, The Changing Face of China. 2005

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